> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://kallyasmedia.gitbook.io/cit-python-cohort-three/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://kallyasmedia.gitbook.io/cit-python-cohort-three/week2/data-types/python_lists.md).

# Lists

Lists are ordered, mutable collections. They can hold mixed types and be resized as needed.

## Creating Lists

```python
numbers = [1, 2, 3]
mixed = ["Apple", 12, 45.7, False]
nested = ["Apple", ["Banana", "Cherry"], "Durian"]
```

## Accessing Items

```python
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry"]

print(fruits[0])   # Apple
print(fruits[-1])  # Cherry
```

## Slicing

```python
letters = ["P", "y", "t", "h", "o", "n"]
print(letters[2:5])  # ['t', 'h', 'o']
print(letters[:3])   # ['P', 'y', 't']
print(letters[3:])   # ['h', 'o', 'n']
```

## Updating Items

```python
odd = [2, 4, 6, 8]
odd[0] = 1
odd[1:4] = [3, 5, 7]
print(odd)  # [1, 3, 5, 7]
```

## Adding Items

```python
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana"]
fruits.append("Cherry")
fruits.extend(["Durian", "Mango"])
fruits.insert(1, "Grape")
```

## Removing Items

```python
fruits = ["Apple", "Banana", "Cherry", "Durian"]
fruits.remove("Banana")
last = fruits.pop()
del fruits[0]
fruits.clear()
```

## Common Methods

| Method      | Purpose                        |
| ----------- | ------------------------------ |
| `append()`  | add one item to end            |
| `extend()`  | add many items                 |
| `insert()`  | insert at index                |
| `remove()`  | remove by value                |
| `pop()`     | remove by index (default last) |
| `clear()`   | remove all items               |
| `index()`   | find first index               |
| `count()`   | count occurrences              |
| `sort()`    | sort list in place             |
| `reverse()` | reverse in place               |
| `copy()`    | shallow copy                   |

## List Comprehensions

```python
powers = [2 ** x for x in range(5)]
odds = [x for x in range(10) if x % 2 == 1]
```

## Iteration

```python
for fruit in ["Apple", "Banana"]:
    print(fruit)
```

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